Mae ffurfiau amersonol ar y berfau afreolaidd - mynd, gwneud, cael and dod.
Mynd â
Aethpwyd â nhw i’r ysbyty
They were taken to the hospital.
Aed â’r dynion i’r carchar.
The men were taken to gaol.
Gwneud
Gwnaethpwyd llawer o alwadau. Many calls were made.
Gwnaed y gwaith gan wirfoddolwyr. The work was done by volunteers.
Dod
Daethpwyd o hyd i gorff. A body was found.
Cael
Cafwyd amser da gan bawb. A good time was had by all.
Ystyr llythrennol ‘Cafwyd’ yw ‘was had’. Bydd rhaid i ni gyfieithu 'Cafwyd' fel sawl ymadrodd gwahanol yn Saesneg, er mywn swnio'n gywir, e.e.
Cafwyd cynnydd yn y cyfarfod
Progress was made in the meeting.
Cafwyd cryn lwyddiant:
There has been significant success.
Cafwyd nifer o geisiadau:
A number of applications were received.
Efallai y byddwch chi'n clywed 'Cafwyd' yng nghyd-destun y gyfraith, pan fydd yn golygu ‘found (guilty or not guilty of an offence)' yn Saesneg, e.e.
Cafwyd meddyg teulu’n euog/ddi-euog o ddynladdiad.
A G.P. was found guilty/not guilty of manslaughter.
There are impersonal forms of the irregular verbs – mynd, gwneud, cael and dod.
Mynd â
Aethpwyd â nhw i’r ysbyty
They were taken to the hospital.
Aed â’r dynion i’r carchar.
The men were taken to gaol.
Gwneud
Gwnaethpwyd llawer o alwadau. Many calls were made.
Gwnaed y gwaith gan wirfoddolwyr. The work was done by volunteers.
Dod
Daethpwyd o hyd i gorff. A body was found.
Cael
Cafwyd amser da gan bawb. A good time was had by all.
‘Cafwyd’ literally means ‘was had’. This often has to be translated in several different ways to sound correct in English, e.g:
Cafwyd cynnydd yn y cyfarfod
Progress was made in the meeting.
Cafwyd cryn lwyddiant:
There has been significant success.
Cafwyd nifer o geisiadau:
A number of applications were received.
It may also be heard in a legal sence to mean ‘found’ guilty or not guilty of an offence, e.g:
Cafwyd meddyg teulu’n euog/ddi-euog o ddynladdiad.
A G.P. was found guilty/not guilty of manslaughter.
* Rhagor o Enghreifftiau / More Examples
1. Aethpwyd â ni i’r dafarn ar ôl y sioe
We were taken to the pub after the show.
2. Aed â’r arian i’r banc
The money was taken to the bank
3. Gwnaethpwyd gormod o gamgymeriadau
Too many mistakes were made
4. Gwnaed y brechnadau gan y coginydd
The sandwiches were made by the cook
5. Daethpwyd o hyd i fom dan yr hen dŷ
A bomb was found under the old house
6. Roedd y parti'n hollol ofnadw' - cafwyd amser gwael gan bawb!
The party was totally awful - a terrible time was had by all!
7. Cafwyd cryn gynnydd yn ystod y drafodaeth
Considerable progress was made during the negotiations
8. Cafwyd rhyw lwyddiant o ganlyniad i'r cynllun
There has been some success as a result of the plan
9. Cafwyd llawer iawn o geisiadau ar gyfer y swydd newydd
Very many applications were received for the new job
10. Cafwyd y gwleidydd yn euog o sbidio
The politician was found guilty of speeding
11. Cafwyd y cyfrifydd yn ddi-euog o ddwyn yr arian
The accountant was found not guilty of stealing the money
