Dyma amser dyfodol y ferf afreolaidd 'Cael' ('To get / To have' yn Saesneg). Ar lafar, yn yr amser dyfodol, ac yn yr amser gorffennol, bydd treiglad meddal sefydlog yn sain gyntaf bob ffurf y ferf, hynny yw, 'c > g' ym mhob man. O ganlyniad i hyn, bydd defnyddio 'Cael' yn llawer haws. Byddwn ni'n gofyn cwestiynau trwy ddefnyddio tôn llais ofynnol. Byddwn ni'n gwneud gosodiadau negyddol trwy ddefnyddio 'Ddim'. Fydd ddim rhaid defnyddio rhagor o dreigladau!
Wedi dweud hynny, pan fyddwn ni'n ysgrifennu neu'n siarad yn ffurfiol, bydd rhaid defnyddio'r treigladau priodol, e.e.
Caf i – I’ll have
Gaf i? – May I (have)
Chaf i ddim – I won’t have
Fel gosodiad: ‘Ga(f) i’ sy'n golygu 'I will have’ ac yn y blaen (Gweler isod):
Ga(f) i I’ll have
Gei di You’ll have
Gaiff e/hi He/She’ll have
Gawn ni We’ll have
Gewch chi You’ll have
Gân nhw They’ll have
Fel Cwestiwn: ‘Ga(f) i?’ sy'n golygu 'May I?' neu 'May I have?', ac yn y blaen
Gyda berfenw: 'Ga(f) i? / Gaiff e?' sy'n golygu 'May I? / May he?' ac yn y blaen. e.e.
Ga(f) i fynd? May I go? (h.y., cael caniatâd)
Gaiff hi siarad? May she speak? (h.y., cael caniatâd)
Gydag enw: Ar y llaw arall, gydag enw, 'Ga(f) i rywbeth?' sy'n golygu 'May I have something?', e.e
Ga(f) i goffi? May I have a coffee?
(Gwrthrych i ferf gryno yw 'coffi', felly bydd yn treiglo'n feddal: 'coffi > goffi')
Gân nhw lifft? May they have a lift?
This is the future tense of the irregular verb ‘cael’, ‘to get’ or ‘to have’. As with the past tense of ‘cael’ , the ‘c’ is permanently soft mutated to ’g’ in informal speech. This makes things much easier, as a question is formed by the tone of voice and the negative just by adding ‘ddim’ . No need for any more mutations, e.g. Caf i - I’ll have. Gaf i? - May I (have). Chaf i ddim - I won’t have, used in more formal speech/written work.
As a Statement ‘Ga(f) i’ means ‘I will have’ etc. See below:
Ga(f) i I’ll have
Gei di You’ll have
Gaiff e/hi He/She’ll have
Gawn ni We’ll have
Gewch chi You’ll have
Gân nhw They’ll have
As a Question ‘Ga(f) i’ can mean May I? or May I have? etc.
With another verb Ga(f) i? Gaiff e? etc means May I? May he?
Ga(f) i fynd? May I go?
Gaiff hi siarad? May she speak? i.e. asking permission.
But with a noun it means - may I have something,
e.g:
Ga(f) i goffi? May I have a coffee?
(coffi > goffi, object of a short form verb - t.m.)
Gân nhw lifft? May they have a lift?
Cwestiwn Ateb
Ga(f) i? May I (have)? Cei/Na chei Yes (you may) / No (you may not)
Gaiff e/hi? May he/she (have)? Caiff/Na chaiff Yes (he/she may) / No (he/she may not)
Gawn ni? May we (have)? Cewch/Na chewch Yes (you may) / No (you may not)
Gân nhw? May they (have)? Cân/Na chân Yes (they may) / No (they may not)
Berf afreolaidd yw 'Cael', ac felly byddwch chi'n clywed llawer o amrywiadau mewn ardaloedd gwahanol, e.e.
Yn ne-orllewin Cymru: gaf i ga’ i geith e/hi, gewn ni (a llawer eraill)
* Cofiwch: Bydd treiglad meddal ar ôl pob un o'r rhain - 'Ga(f) i fynd' ac ati
Because this is an irregular verb you will hear variations in different parts of the south west e.g. gaf i, ga’ i, geith e/hi, gewn ni.
*Remember - t.m. after all these Ga(f) i fynd etc.
* Rhagor o Enghreifftiau / More Examples
1. Ca' i goffi ond cha' i ddim te
I'll have coffee but I won't have tea
2. Cei di ddod ond chei di ddim cwyno
You may come but you may not complain
3. Caiff e win ond chaiff e ddim caws
He'll have wine but he won't have cheese
4. Caiff hi frechdan ond chaiff hi ddim teisen
She'll have a sandwich but she won't have a cake
5. Cawn ni wylio ond chawn ni ddim ymyrryd
We may watch but we may not interfere
6. Cewch chi brynu ond chewch chi ddim gwerthu
You may buy but you may not sell
7. Cân nhw ddŵr ond chân nhw ddim llaeth
They’ll have water but they won't have milk
8. Ga i ddod i'r cyngerdd? Cei / Na chei.
May I come to the concert? Yes (you may) / No (you may not).
9. Gaiff hi ganu yn y parti? Caiff / Na chaiff.
May she sing in the party? Yes (she may) / No (she may not).
10. Gaiff e ddisgled o de? Caiff / Na chaiff.
May I have a coffee? Yes (he may) / No (he may not)
11. Gawn ni wrando? Cewch/Na chewch.
May we listen? Yes (you may) / No (you may not).
12. Gân nhw ymweld â'r plant? Cân / Na chân.
May they visit the children? Yes (they may) / No (they may not).
13. Gaiff Sandra fwyta brechdan? Caiff / Na chaiff.
May Sandra eat a sandwich? Yes (she may) / No (she may not).
