Ask Dr Gramadeg: Cyflwyno Rhifolion a Threfnolion / Introducing Cardinal and Ordinal numbers

Er mwyn dweud 'the first' byddwn ni'n defnyddio y cynta(f). Ond, fel rhan o'r trefnolion ('ordinals') 'the eleventh / the twenty-first / the thirty-first' byddwn ni'n defnyddio yr unfed.

1st        y cyntaf

11th     yr unfed ar ddeg

21st     yr unfed ar hugain

31st     yr unfed ar ddeg ar hugain

Dylech chi ddysgu y cyntaf i ' yr unfed ar ddeg' (1st - 11th) i ddechrau

Wedyn byddwch chi'n ychwanegu ar hugain at y rhain i wneud 'yr unfed ar hugan' i 'yr unfed ar dded ar hugain' (21st - 31st), e.e.

ail ('second')                ail ar hugain ('twenty second')

trydydd ('third')          trydydd ar hugain ('twenty third') ac ati

Yn olaf, dylech chi ddysgu'r trefnolion rhwng 'y deuddegfed' ac 'yr ugeinfed' (12th - 20th). Y rhai mwyaf anodd yw'r trefnolion hyn.

y cynta(f) is used for the first, but the eleventh, twenty first and thirty first use yr unfed.

1st        y cyntaf

11th     yr unfed ar ddeg

21st     yr unfed ar hugain

31st     yr unfed ar ddeg ar hugain

Learn 1st to 11th to begin with.

You can then add ar hugain to these to get 21st, 22nd  etc.

e.g.      ail (second)           ail ar hugain (twenty second)

trydydd (third)       trydydd ar hugain (twenty third) etc

Finally, learn the numbers between 12 and 20. These are the most difficult.

Yn Saesneg byddwn ni'n talfyrru trefnolion, gan ddefnyddio ffurfiau fel '1st / 2nd / 3rd' ac ati. Yn Gymraeg byddwn ni'n gwneud yr un peth gan ddefnyddio dwy lythyr olaf yr ail air (neu'r tair llythyr olaf ar adegau), er enghraifft, 'cyntaf > 1af'.

Dyma'r ffurfiau talfyredig i gyd:

1af, 2il, 3ydd, 4ydd, 5ed, 6ed, 7fed, 8fed, 9fed, 10fed,  11eg, 12fed, 13eg, 14eg, 15fed, 16eg, 17eg, 18fed, 19eg, 20fed
21– 31 ain

As with the English 1st, 2nd, 3rd etc, the Welsh dates can be shortened for written work using the last 2 or 3 letters of the last word of the number e.g.  cyntaf  >  1af  see below:

1af, 2il, 3ydd, 4ydd, 5ed, 6ed, 7fed, 8fed, 9fed, 10fed, 11eg, 12fed, 13eg, 14eg, 15fed, 16eg, 17eg, 18fed, 19eg, 20fed

21– 31  ain, e.g. 21st - 21ain, 22nd - 22ain, 31st - 31ain.

Geirfa Thematig Ordinals abbreviated

 


 

* Rhagor o Enghreifftiau / More Examples

1. Y bachgen cyntaf / y ferch gyntaf (1af)
The first boy / The first girl

2. Yr ail ddyn / yr ail fenyw (2il)
The second man / the second woman

3. Y trydydd mis / y drydedd eiliad (3ydd / 3edd)
The third month / the third instant

4. Y pedwerydd dydd / y bedwaredd funud (4ydd / 4edd)
The fourth day / the fourth minute

5. Y pumed gŵr / y bumed wraig (5ed)
The fifth man / the fifth woman

6. Y chweched dosbarth / y chweched wers (6ed)
The sixth form / the sixth class

7. Y seithfed môr / y seithfed wlad (7fed)
The seventh sea / the seventh land

8. Yr wythfed rhyfeddod / yr wythfed wobr (8fed)
The eighth wonder / the eighth prize

9. Y nawfed pwys / y nawfed filltir (9fed)
The ninth pound / the ninth mile

10. Y degfed cwrs / y ddegfed radd (10fed)
The tenth course / the tenth degree

11. Yr unfed ci ar ddeg / yr unfed gath ar ddeg (11eg)
The eleventh dog / the eleventh cat

12. Y deuddegfed degawd / y ddeuddegfed ganrif (12fed)
The twelfth decade / the twelfth century

13. Y trydydd dyn ar ddeg / y drydedd wraig ar ddeg (13eg)
The thirteenth man / The thirteenth woman

14. Y pedwerydd dryw ar ddeg / y bedwaredd frân ar ddeg (14eg)
The fourteenth wren / the fourteenth crow

15. Y pymthegfed cyfarfod / y bymthegfed flwyddyn (15fed)
The fifteenth week / the fifteenth year

16. Yr unfed cyngerdd ar bymtheg / yr unfed sioe ar bymtheg (16eg)
The sixteenth concert / the sixteenth show

17. Yr ail arholiad ar bymtheg / Yr ail ffilm ar bymtheg (17eg)
The seventeenth exam / the seventeenth film

18. Y deunawfed brenin / Y ddeunawfed frenhines (18fed)
The eighteenth king / the eighteenth queen

19. Y pedwerydd blaidd ar bymtheg / y bedwaredd ddafad ar bymtheg (19eg)
The nineteenth wolf / the nineteenth sheep

20. Yr ugeinfed llew / yr uneinfed lewes (20fed)
The twentieth lion / the twentieth lioness

21. Yr unfed llyfr ar hugain / yr unfed ganrif ar hugain (21ain)
The twenty-first book / the twenty-first century

22. Yr ail air ar hugain / yr ail bennod ar hugain (22ain)
The twenty-second word / the twenty-second chapter

23. Y trydydd traethawd ar hugain / y drydedd gyfrol ar hugain (23ain)
The twenty-third essay / the twenty-third volume

24. Y pedwerydd cyfnod ar hugain / y bedwaredd gerdd ar hugain (24ain)
The twenty-fourth period / the twenty-fourth poem

25. Y pumed creadur ar hugain / y bumed goeden ar hugain (25ain)
The twenty-fifth creature / the twenty-fifth tree

26. Y chweched tarw ar hugain / y chweched fuwch ar hugain (26ain)
The twenty-sixth bull / the twenty-sixth cow

27. Y seithfed bwyty ar hugain / y seithfed dafarn ar hugain (27ain)
The twenty-seventh restaurant / the twenty-seventh pub

28. Yr wythfed car ar hugain / yr wythfed goetsh ar hugain (28ain)
The twenty-eighth car / the twenty-eighth coach

29. Y nawfed cytundeb ar hugain / y nawfed ŵyl ar hugain (29ain)
The twenty-ninth contract / the twenty-ninth festival

30. Y degfed cyfrifiad ar hugain / y ddegfed genhedlaeth ar hugain (30ain)
The thirtieth census / the thirtieth generation

31. Yr unfed taliad ar ddeg ar hugain / Yr unfed wobr ar ddeg ar hugain (31ain)
The thirty-first payment / the thirty-first prize

32. Y deugeinfed dyn / y ddeugeinfed wraig (40fed)
The fortieth man / the fortieth woman

33. Yr hanner canfed lle / yr hanner canfed blaned (50fed)
The fiftieth place / the fiftieth planet

34. Y canfed cwestiwn / y ganfed ran (100fed)
The hundredth question / the hundredth part

Geirfa Thematig Ordinals abbreviated