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Ask Dr Gramadeg: Hwn, Hon, Hwnna, Honno, Y Rhain, Y Rheina & Rheiny- Demonstrative Adjectives and Pronouns- Saying This, That, These, Those – Parallel.cymru: Bilingual Welsh digital magazine Warning: Parameter 2 to qtranxf_postsFilter() expected to be a reference, value given in /home/parallel/public_html/wp-includes/class-wp-hook.php on line 324
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Ask Dr Gramadeg: Hwn, Hon, Hwnna, Honno, Y Rhain, Y Rheina & Rheiny- Demonstrative Adjectives and Pronouns- Saying This, That, These, Those

Yn y dabl isod, dyna'r geiriau sy'n golygu this, that, these and those. Bydd rhaid defnyddio'r geiriau hyn pan fyddwn ni'n pwyntio at rywbeth, ond pan na fyddwn ni'n ei enwi fe.
In the table below the words for this, that, these and those are shown when the object/s in question are pointed to but not named:

  this (one) that (one) these those
Gwrywaidd / Masculine hwn hwnna y rhain y rheina
Benywaidd / Feminine hon honna y rhain y rheina

Defnyddiwch hwn/hwnna ar lafar os na fyddwch chi'n gwybod beth yw cenedl y peth y byddwch chi'n cyfeirio ato fe.

Proc i'r cof (a 'mnemonic') - y llythyr w yn y gair 'hwn / hwnnw' sy'n edrych yn debyg i m yn y gair 'masculine', ond â'i draed i fyny ('upside down')!

* Yn yr ymadroddion 'y rhain, y rheina' - yn aml y byddwn ni'n hepgor y gair y ar lafar.

'Rheina' - 'those'. Byddwn ni'n defnyddio'r gair hwn i gyfeirio at pobl neu at bethau o fewn golwg, y byddwn ni'n gallu pwyntio atyn nhw.

'Rheiny' – 'those'. Byddwn ni'n defnyddio'r gair hwn i gyfeirio at pobl neu at bethau nad ydynt o fewn golwg, na fyddwn ni'n gallu pwyntio atyn nhw, e.e:
'T’mod, rheiny sy’n byw yn y wlad' You know, those who live in the country

Use hwn/hwnna in speech if unsure of whether what you are referring to is masculine or feminine.

As a mnemonic, the w in hwnna  is similar to an upside-down m of masculine.

*y rhain, y rheina - y is often omitted in speech.

Rheina - those, is used to refer to things/people in sight, that can be pointed to.

Rheiny – those, is used to refer to things/people that are not in sight and cannot be pointed to, e.e:
“T’mod, rheiny sy’n byw yn y wlad”. You know, those who live in the country.

 

 

* Rhagor o Enghreifftiau / More Examples

1. Mae hwn fan 'yn o'r enw Spot wedi bod yn ffrind da iawn i fi
This one here called Spot has been a very good friend to me

2. Edrychwch ar hwnna! Hen gi drewllyd yw Spot, on'd ife?
Look at that! Spot's a stinky old dog, isn't he?

3. Meddyliwch am y rhain, y crysau sidan dw i'n eu golygu, maen nhw'n ardderchog!
Think about these, the silk shirts I mean, they're wonderful!

4. Sa i'n siŵr am y crysau sidan. Mae'r rheina'n rhad ond gwerth da
I'm not sure about the silk shirts. Those ones are cheap but good value.

5. Sa i'n siŵr am gathod, ond mae hon yn anifail anwes gwych
I'm not sure about cats, but this one is an excellent pet

6. Dyna Fodryb Beti draw fan'na. Mae honna'n ferch hyfryd a bod yn onest.
That's Aunty Beti over there. That's a lovely woman to be honest.

7. Be' am y rhain, maen nhw'n 'sanau pinc hyfryd on'd ydyn nhw?
What about these, they're lovely pink socks aren't they?

8. Y rheina dw i'n sôn amdanyn nhw, yr hetiau gwlanog, coch
It's those ones I'm talking about, the red woolly hats