Yn aml bydd rhaid i ni ddefnyddio arddodiad neilltuol (i, ar, o, am' / 'to, on, of, from, about' ac yn y blaen) gyda berf neilltuol. Fyddwn ni ddim yn gallu cyfieithu'r arddodiad yn uniongyrchol bob amser. Felly, syniad da yw dysgu'r arddodiad priodol gyda'r berf gyfatebol. e.e:
To look at > edrych ar (un llythrennol, to look on)
Words like - to, on, of, from, about etc. are often linked to particular verbs. So it is a good idea to learn the accompanying preposition with the verb, as they don’t always translate directly e.g:
To look at > edrych ar (literally, to look on).
Enghreifftiau:
dod o to come from
gweithio i to work for
gofyn i to ask
diolch i to thank
mynd i to go to (a place)
dweud wrth to tell
clywed wrth to hear from
siarad â to talk to
cwrdd â to meet
mynd â to take
dod â to bring
chwilio am to look for
meddwl am to think about
breuddwydio am to dream about
becso/poeni am to worry about
edrych ar to look at
gwrando ar to listen to
gweiddi ar to shout at
cofio at to remember to (a person)
mynd at to go to (a person)
ysgrifennu at to write to (a person)
Examples:
dod o to come from
gweithio i to work for
gofyn i to ask
diolch i to thank
mynd i to go to (a place)
dweud wrth to tell
clywed wrth to hear from
siarad â to talk to
cwrdd â to meet
mynd â to take
dod â to bring
chwilio am to look for
meddwl am to think about
breuddwydio am to dream about
becso/poeni am to worry about
edrych ar to look at
gwrando ar to listen to
gweiddi ar to shout at
cofio at to remember to (a person)
mynd at to go to (a person)
ysgrifennu at to write to (a person)
Mae arddodiaid yn rhedeg yn Gymraeg, hynny yw, bydd rhaid i chi ychwanegu terfyniadau at fôn yr arddodiad i ddangos pa 'berson' sydd o dan sylw, e.e:
Dw i’n breuddwydio am Sandra I’m dreaming about Sandra
but
Dw i’n breuddwydio amdani hi I’m dreaming about her
Bôn yr arddodiad am (about) yw amdan-. Y terfyniad sy'n cyfateb â hi (her) yw i. Er mwyn dweud 'about her' yn Gymraeg, bydd rhaid i chi roi'r ddwy ran at ei gilydd i ffurfio amdani hi. Yn anffodus, fyddwch chi ddim yn dweud 'am hi'. Dyma rai arddodiaid gyda bonion a therfyniadau. Dylech chi sylwi ar y ffaith mai'r un peth bydd y terfyniadau ni waeth pa un fydd yr arddodiad.
Prepositions conjugate in Welsh, i.e. a particular ending is added to a root to go with a particular person, e.g.
Dw i’n breuddwydio am Sandra I’m dreaming about Sandra
but
Dw i’n breuddwydio amdani hi I’m dreaming about her
The root of am is amdan-. The ending that always goes with hi is ‘i’. This is added to the root to get amdani hi. Unfortunately you can’t just say ‘am hi’. Here are some of the prepositions with roots and endings. The endings are almost always the same for all the prepositions.
|
o (ohon-) |
i |
wrth |
| ohona i | i fi | wrtha i |
| ohonat ti | i ti | wrthot ti |
| ohono fe | iddo fe | wrtho fe |
| ohoni hi | iddi hi | wrthi hi |
| ohonon ni | i ni | wrthon ni |
| ohonoch chi | i chi | wrthoch chi |
| ohonyn nhw | iddyn nhw | wrthyn nhw |
|
am (amdan-) |
ar (arn-) |
at |
| amdana i | arna i | ata i |
| amdanat ti | arnat ti | atat ti |
| amdano fe | arno fe | ato fe |
| amdani hi | arni hi | ati hi |
| amdanon ni | arnon ni | aton ni |
| amdanoch chi | arnoch chi | atoch chi |
| amdanyn nhw | arnyn nhw | atyn nhw |
Dyw  ddim yn rhedeg:
Siarad â fe – 'talk to him'
Cwrdd â nhw - 'meet (with) them'
 does not conjugate - siarad â fe:
Talk to him
Cwrdd â nhw, etc.
Wedi'u trefnu yn ôl yr arddodiad:
Organised by preposition:
| Saesneg | Cymraeg |
|---|---|
| about | am |
| above | uchod |
| according to | yn ôl |
| across | ar draws |
| after | ar ôl |
| against | yn erbyn |
| among | ymhlith |
| around | o gwmpas |
| as | fel |
| as far as | cyn belled ag y |
| as well as | yn ogystal â |
| at | ar |
| because of | oherwydd |
| before | cyn |
| behind | y tu ôl i |
| below | isod |
| beneath | dan |
| beside | heblaw |
| between | rhwng |
| beyond | y tu hwnt i |
| but | ond |
| by | gan |
| close to | yn agos at |
| despite | er gwaethaf |
| down | i lawr |
| due to | oherwydd |
| during | yn ystod |
| except | ac eithrio |
| except for | ac eithrio ar gyfer |
| far from | ymhell o fod yn |
| for | ar gyfer |
| from | o |
| in | yn |
| in addition to | yn ogystal â |
| in front of | o flaen |
| in spite of | er gwaethaf |
| inside | tu mewn |
| inside of | tu mewn |
| instead of | yn hytrach na |
| into | i mewn i |
| near | ger |
| near to | yn agos i |
| next | nesaf |
| next to | nesaf i |
| of | o |
| on | ar |
| on behalf of | ar ran y |
| on top of | ar ben |
| opposite | gyferbyn |
| out | allan |
| outside | y tu allan i |
| outside of | y tu allan i |
| over | dros |
| per | y |
| plus | plus |
| prior to | cyn |
| round | rownd |
| since | ers |
| than | na |
| through | drwy |
| till | hyd |
| to | i |
| toward | tuag at |
| under | o dan |
| unlike | yn wahanol i |
| until | hyd nes y |
| up | i fyny |
| via | via |
| with | â |
| within | o fewn |
| without | heb |
* Rhagor o Enghreifftiau / More Examples
1. Dw i'n dod o Abertawe'n wreiddiol
I come from Swansea originally
2. Ro't ti'n arfer gweithio i'r heddlu
You used to work for the police
3. Bydd rhaid i ni gofyn iddo fe ddod i'r cyngerdd
We'll have to ask him to come to the concert
4. Byddwn ni'n hoffi diolch iddi hi am ei gwaith caled
We'd like to thank her for her hard work
5. Ydych chi'n mynd i'r siopau heno?
Are you going to the shops tonight?
6. Dywedon nhw wrthon ni am y sioe
They told us about the show
7. Ro'n i wedi clywed wrthoch chi cyn penderfynu
I'd heard from you before deciding
8. Rwyt ti'n mwynhau siarad â nhw
You enjoy talking to them
9. Chwrddodd e ddim â ni yng Nghaerdydd
He didn't meet us in Cardiff
10. Aethon ni â nhw i'r parti
We took them to the party
11. Dewch chi â fe yn ôl maes o law
You will bring it back in due course
12. Maen nhw wedi bod yn chwilio amdani hi drwy gydol y dydd
They've been looking for her all day long
13. Sa i'n gallu meddwl amdanat ti ar hyn o bryd
I can't think about you at the moment
14. Byddi di'n breuddwydio am ennill y wobr o hyn 'mlaen
You'll be dreaming about winning the prize from now on
15. Peidiwch â becso am y dyfodol, gallwn ni farw yfory!
Don't worry about the future, we could die tomorrow!
16. Byddwn ni'n edrych ar y teledu bob dydd i weld beth sy'n digwydd yn y byd
We watch the television every day to see what's happening in the world
17. Dyw hi ddim yn hoff iawn o wrando ar y radio o achos yr holl newyddion drwg
She isn't very fond of listening to the radio because of all the bad news
18. Byddai'n tad ni'n gweiddi arnon ni o bryd i'w gilydd ond ddim yn aml
Our father would shout at us from time to time but not often
19. Gewch chi'n cofio ni at eich mam?
Will you remember us to your mother?
20. Es i at y deintydd 'na unwaith ond a i ddim ati hi eto!
I went to that dentist once but I won't go to her again!
21. Roedd rhaid i ni ysgrifennu atoch chi i gwyno o'r blaen ond dyn ni'n hapus iawn gyda'r gwasanaeth bellach
We had to write to you to complain before but we're very happy with the service now
22. Roedd hi 'di bod yn breuddwydio am frechdanau twrci ers achau ond ar ôl eu bwyta nhw oll, fydd hi ddim yn breuddwydio amdanon nhw mwya'!
She'd been dreaming about turkey sandwiches for ages but after eating them all, she won't be dreaming about them any more!
